Programming note

 

• Introduction to Programming

  • Types of languages
  • Memory management

• Flow of the program

  • Flowcharts
  • Pseudocode

• Introduction to Java

  • Introduction
  • How it works
  • Setup Installation
  • Input and Output in Java
  • Conditionals & Loops in Java
    • if-else
    • loops
    • Switch statements
  • Data-types
  • Coding best practices

• Functions

  • Introduction
  • Scoping in Java
  • Shadowing
  • Variable Length Arguments
  • Overloading

• Arrays

  • Introduction
  • Memory management
  • Input and Output
  • ArrayList Introduction
  • Searching
    • Linear Search
    • Binary Search
    • Modified Binary Search
    • Binary Search on 2D Arrays
  • Sorting
    • Insertion Sort
    • Selection Sort
    • Bubble Sort
    • Cyclic Sort

• Pattern questions

• Strings

  • Introduction
  • How Strings work
  • Comparison of methods
  • Operations in Strings
  • StringBuilder in java

• Maths for DSA

  • Introduction
  • Complete Bitwise Operators
  • Range of numbers
  • Prime numbers
  • Sieve of Eratosthenes
  • Newton's Square Root Method
  • Factors
  • Modulo properties
  • Number Theory
  • HCF / LCM
  • Euclidean algorithm

• Recursion

  • Introduction
  • Flow of recursive programs - stacks
  • Why recursion?
  • Tree building of function calls
  • Tail recursion
  • Sorting:
    • Merge Sort
    • Quick Sort
  • Backtracking
    • Sudoku Solver
    • N-Queens
    • N-Knights
    • Maze problems
  • Recursion String Problems
  • Recursion Array Problems
  • Recursion Pattern Problems
  • Subset Questions

• Space and Time Complexity Analysis

  • Introduction
  • Comparisons of various cases
  • Solving Linear Recurrence Relations
  • Solving Divide and Conquer Recurrence Relations
  • Big-O, Big-Omega, Big-Theta Notations
  • Little Notations
  • Get equation of any relation easily - best and easiest approach
  • Complexity discussion of all the problems we do
  • Space Complexity
  • Memory Allocation of various languages
  • NP-Completeness Introduction

• Object Oriented Programming

  • Introduction
  • Classes & its instances
  • this keyword in Java
  • Properties
    • Inheritance
    • Abstraction
    • Polymorphism
    • Encapsulation
  • Overloading & Overriding
  • Static & Non-Static
  • Access Control
  • Interfaces
  • Abstract Classes
  • Singleton Class
  • final, finalize, finally
  • Object Class
  • Generics
  • Exception Handling
  • Collections Framework
  • Lambda Expression
  • Enums
  • Fast IO
  • File handling

• Greedy Algorithms

• Stacks & Queues

  • Introduction
  • Interview problems
  • Push efficient
  • Pop efficient
  • Queue using Stack and Vice versa
  • Circular Queue

• Linked List

  • Introduction
  • Fast and slow pointer
  • Cycle Detection
  • Single and Doubly LinkedList
  • Reversal of LinkedList

• Dynamic Programming

  • Introduction
  • Recursion + Recursion DP + Iteration + Iteration Space Optimized
  • Complexity Analysis
  • 0/1 Knapsack
  • Subset Questions
  • Unbounded Knapsack
  • Subsequence questions
  • String DP

• Trees

  • Introduction
  • Binary Trees
  • Binary Search Trees
  • DFS
  • BFS
  • AVL Trees
  • Segment Tree
  • Fenwick Tree / Binary Indexed Tree

• Square Root Decomposition

• Heaps

  • Introduction
  • Theory
  • Priority Queue
  • Heapsort
  • Two Heaps Method
  • k-way merge
  • Top k elements
  • Interval problems

• HashMap

  • Introduction
  • Theory - how it works
  • Comparisons of various forms
  • Limitations and how to solve
  • Map using LinkedList
  • Map using Hash
  • Count Sort
  • Radix Sort
  • Chaining
  • Probing
  • Huffman-Encoder

• Subarray Questions: Sliding window, Two Pointer, Kadane's Algorithm

• Tries

• Graphs

  • Introduction
  • BFS
  • DFS
  • Working with graph components
  • Minimum Spanning Trees
  • Kruskal Algorithm
  • Prims Algorithm
  • Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm
  • Topological Sort
  • Bellman ford
  • A* pathfinding Algorithm

Advanced concepts apart from interviews

• Bitwise + DP
• Extended Euclidean algorithm
• Modulo Multiplicative Inverse
• Linear Diophantine Equations
• Matrix Exponentiation
• Mathematical Expectation
• Fermat’s Theorem
• Wilson's Theorem
• Lucas Theorem
• Chinese Remainder Theorem
• NP-Completeness